Upper Limb (Doppler) ultrasound

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Upper Limb — Doppler

Patient prep, limb position & cuff use Doppler settings: PRF, wall filter, gain, angle correction Sample volume placement & spectral optimization

Subclavian → Axillary → Brachial → Radial / Ulnar mapping Collateral pathways & palmar arches

PSV thresholds, velocity ratios & segmental comparisons Waveform blunting, damped monophasic patterns

Flow volume, access stenosis surveillance & steal physiology Inflow/outflow evaluation & spectral patterns

Intimal flap, pseudoaneurysm & arteriovenous fistula Distal occlusion & embolic waveform changes

DVT detection: compressibility, spectral/phasicity, augmentation Central venous stenosis & catheter-related thrombus

Digital ischemia, palmar arch flow & reactive hyperemia tests Fistula-related steal & management thresholds

Reactive hyperemia, synovial hypervascularity Small-vessel flow limits of color Doppler

Flow volume technique, PSV/EDV acquisition & ratio calculations Suggested report phrases, urgent flags & recommended follow-up

Angle error, sample misplacement, aliasing vs turbulence Avoiding venous/arterial mislabeling & compression pitfalls

Arterial access mapping, pseudoaneurysm thrombin injection guidance Central line / cannula position & flow checks

Minimum color/spectral images per segment & labeling checklist Competency checks & protocol standardization

Upper Limb (Doppler) — Bilingual MCQ Panel

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