Definition — Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma: A buccal fat pad hemangioma is a benign vascular malformation arising within the buccal fat pad region, composed of dilated vascular channels. It may present as a slow-growing, painless swelling in the cheek and can be mistaken for other soft tissue tumors. Ultrasound with Doppler is a key diagnostic modality to evaluate size, vascularity, and relation to adjacent structures.
Ultrasound Report — Line: A Well-defined, heterogeneous hyperechoic lesion with internal vascular channels noted in the left buccal fat pad region, measuring approximately 28x23 mm. The lesion shows multiple tubular anechoic channels with color Doppler demonstrating prominent internal vascularity and low-velocity venous flow. No calcification or cystic degeneration seen. Surrounding fat planes are preserved, with no evidence of invasion into adjacent masticatory muscles or bone.
Conclusion: Findings are consistent with a Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma.
Recommendation: Recommend further evaluation with contrast-enhanced MRI
Sonographic Features — Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma:
- Lesion: Well-defined, heterogeneous hyperechoic soft tissue lesion.
- Vascular channels: Multiple anechoic/tubular channels within the lesion.
- Doppler: Prominent internal vascularity, low-velocity venous flow.
- Calcification: Absent (phleboliths rare, not seen here).
- Surrounding tissues: Fat planes preserved, no muscle/bone invasion.
Causes / Etiology — Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma:
- Congenital vascular malformation (most common).
- Developmental anomaly of venous channels.
- Can occasionally be associated with trauma or hormonal influence.
Symptoms / Clinical Features — Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma:
- Painless, slowly enlarging swelling of the cheek.
- Soft, compressible mass on palpation.
- May increase in size with Valsalva maneuver or dependent position.
- Occasional cosmetic deformity or asymmetry.
- Rare pain, bleeding, or rapid enlargement (if thrombosis/hemorrhage).
Diagnostic Strategy — Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma:
- Ultrasound with Doppler: First-line for identifying lesion and vascularity.
- MRI with contrast: Best for delineating lesion extent, tissue planes, and vascular components.
- CT scan: Limited role, may show soft tissue density and calcified phleboliths.
- Differentials: Lipoma, lymphangioma, abscess, vascular malformation, salivary gland tumor.
Declaration:
I, R. K. Mouj, hereby declare that the material presented in this document titled "Buccal Fat Pad Hemangioma: Definition, Sonographic Features, Case Studies, and Risk Assessment" has been prepared and compiled by me for educational purposes only. It is intended for learning, training, and academic reference. Sources and references have been acknowledged where appropriate.
Ethics / Patient Data Statement: Any patient images, case material, or ultrasound examples included here are for academic use only, anonymised, and used with ethical consideration.
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