SONOACADEMY • ULTRASOUND EDUCATION

Ultrasound Scanning Technique

Systematic • Practical • Diagnostic Scanning Technique

A structured ultrasound scanning technique index covering systematic patient positioning, transducer selection, scanning planes, image optimization, measurements, Doppler technique and practical examination approaches.

SEARCH & FILTER ULTRASOUND SCANNING TECHNIQUE

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CONTENTS 33 CHAPTERS • SCANNING TECHNIQUE

01

ABDOMINAL SONOGRAPHY

Qualitative

24 topics

Liver Gall Bladder CBD (Common Bile Duct) Spleen Pancreas Kidneys Ureter Adrenal Glands Abdominal Aorta & IVC Stomach Small Bowel Colon Appendix Peritoneum Retroperitoneum Abdominal Wall CEUS for Renal Masses CEUS for Liver Tumors Urinary Bladder Prostate Uterus Ovary Adnexa Sequence of PID

02

OBSTETRIC & FETAL SONOGRAPHY

Quantitative

5 topics

1st Trimester Obs & Fetal 2nd & 3rd Trimester Obs & Fetal NT Screening Systemic Study Of Fetal Anomaly Doppler Studies

03

TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY (TVS)

Qualitative

7 topics

TVS – Routine Gynecological TVS – Infertility Evaluation TVS – Follicular Monitoring TVS – First Trimester TVS – Second Trimester TVS – Third Trimester TVS – Suspected Ectopic Pregnancy

04

PERINEAL & GROIN ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

2 topics

Female perineal & Groin Male Groin

05

SCROTAL ULTRASOUND

Quantitative

2 topics

Scrotal - Gray scale Scrotal - Doppler

06

PENILE ULTRASOUND

Quantitative

3 topics

Flaccid State (Grayscale) Flaccid State (Doppler) Erectile State (Doppler)

07

BREAST ULTRASOUND

Quantitative

3 topics

Breast Gray-Scale (Routine) Breast Doppler Breast Elastography

08

DORSAL WALL ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

1 topic

Dorsal wall lesion

09

NECK ULTRASOUND

Quantitative

5 topics

Thyroid Gray-Scale Neck – Soft Tissue Study Thyroid Doppler Carotid Doppler Carotid Artery Spectral Doppler

10

UPPER LIMB ULTRASOUND

Quantitative

10 topics

Soft Tissue Venous Doppler Arterial Doppler AV Fistula Doppler (Dialysis Access) Vascular Trauma / Pseudoaneurysm Study Shoulder Joint Elbow Joint Wrist & Hand Carpal Tunnel Assessment Tendon / Tenosynovitis Evaluation

11

LOWER LIMB ULTRASOUND

Quantitative

12 topics

Buttock/Gluteal Region Soft Tissue Study USG Venous Doppler Arterial Doppler USG Varicose Vein / Venous Reflux Study AV Fistula Doppler DVT Study Vascular Trauma / Pseudoaneurysm Study USG Plantar Fascia Assessment Hip Joint Knee Joint Ankle Joint

12

INTERVENTIONAL ULTRASOUND

Interventional

10 topics

Guided FNAC Guided Biopsy Guided Aspiration Guided Drainage Procedure Guided Pigtail Catheter Placement Guided Thoracentesis Guided Paracentesis Guided Central Venous Access Guided Joint Injection Guided Soft Tissue Intervention

13

NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

13 topics

Neonatal Cranial Neonatal Abdomen DDH Screening Neonatal Spine Neonatal Lung Neonatal Brain Doppler Pediatric KUB Intussusception Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis Pediatric Appendix Pediatric Scrotal Pediatric Soft Tissue Pediatric Perineal & Groin Male

14

OPHTHALMIC ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

3 topics

B-Scan (Brightness Scan) A-Scan (Amplitude Scan) Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM)

15

CHEEK / BUCCAL ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

1 topic

Cheek & Buccal Region

16

NASAL & PARANASAL SINUS ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

1 topic

Nasal & PNS

17

SPINE ULTRASOUND

Interventional

6 topics

Cervical Spine Thoracic Spine Lumbar Spine Sacroiliac Joint Paraspinal Muscle Guided Spine Intervention

18

NERVE CONDUCTION VELOCITY (NCV) STUDY

Quantitative

4 topics

NCV Upper Limb NCV Lower Limb Carpal Tunnel Syndrome NCV Peripheral Neuropathy NCV

19

CONTRAST-ENHANCED ULTRASOUND (CEUS)

Quantitative

8 topics

CEUS Liver CEUS Kidney CEUS Pancreas CEUS Spleen CEUS Transplant Evaluation CEUS Focal Liver Lesion Characterization CEUS Tumor Response Assessment CEUS Vascular Study

20

ELASTOGRAPHY

Quantitative

8 topics

Liver Elastography Breast Elastography Thyroid Elastography Prostate Elastography Lymph Node Elastography Musculoskeletal Elastography Shear Wave Elastography (SWE) Strain Elastography

21

THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D) ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

8 topics

3D Obstetric Ultrasound 3D Fetal Face Assessment 3D Fetal Skeletal Assessment 3D Gynecological Ultrasound 3D Uterine Anomaly Evaluation 3D Breast Ultrasound 3D Thyroid Ultrasound 3D Volume Rendering Techniques

22

FOUR-DIMENSIONAL (4D) ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

8 topics

4D Obstetric Ultrasound 4D Fetal Face Assessment 4D Fetal Behavior & Movement Study 4D Fetal Cardiac Evaluation 4D Fetal Anomaly Assessment 4D Gynecological Ultrasound Real-Time Volume Imaging (4D) 4D Volume Rendering Techniques

23

MICROVASCULAR IMAGING (SMI / MV-FLOW)

Quantitative

10 topics

SMI Principles and Technology Microvascular Imaging – Liver Microvascular Imaging – Thyroid Microvascular Imaging – Breast Microvascular Imaging – Lymph Nodes Microvascular Imaging – Kidney Microvascular Imaging – Testis Microvascular Imaging – Musculoskeletal MV-Flow Tumor Vascularity Assessment SMI vs Color & Power Doppler

24

FUSION IMAGING

Interventional

10 topics

Fusion Imaging Principles USG–CT Fusion Imaging USG–MRI Fusion Imaging Fusion Imaging for Liver Lesions Fusion Imaging for Prostate Evaluation Fusion Imaging for Kidney Lesions Fusion Imaging for Pancreatic Lesions Fusion Imaging-Guided Biopsy Fusion Imaging-Guided Ablation Fusion Imaging Clinical Applications

25

HIGH-FREQUENCY ULTRASOUND (HFUS)

Qualitative

10 topics

High-Frequency Ultrasound (HFUS) Principles HFUS Skin Imaging HFUS Dermatologic Lesions HFUS Nail Unit Evaluation HFUS Facial Soft Tissue Imaging HFUS Peripheral Nerve Imaging HFUS Small Joint Assessment HFUS Vascular Imaging HFUS Ophthalmic Applications HFUS Clinical Applications

26

AI-ASSISTED ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

12 topics

AI-Assisted Ultrasound Introduction AI-Based Image Optimization AI Auto-Measurement Tools AI in Obstetric Ultrasound AI-Assisted Fetal Biometry AI in Breast Ultrasound AI in Thyroid Ultrasound AI in Cardiac Ultrasound AI Lesion Detection & Characterization AI-Assisted Report Generation AI Quality Assurance & Workflow Automation Future of AI in Ultrasound

27

POINT-OF-CARE ULTRASOUND (POCUS)

Interventional

12 topics

POCUS Introduction FAST & eFAST Examination POCUS Lung Ultrasound POCUS Cardiac Ultrasound IVC Assessment in POCUS Shock Protocols (RUSH / BLUE) POCUS Abdominal Ultrasound POCUS Obstetric Ultrasound Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access POCUS DVT Study POCUS Procedural Guidance Critical Care POCUS

28

ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND (EUS)

Interventional

12 topics

Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) Introduction EUS of the Upper GI Tract EUS for Esophageal Lesions EUS for Gastric Lesions EUS Pancreatic Evaluation EUS of the Biliary System EUS of the Rectum & Anal Canal EUS-Guided FNA / FNB

29

CARDIAC ULTRASOUND

Qualitative

8 topics

Basic Echocardiography Parasternal Long Axis Parasternal Short Axis Apical Views Subcostal Views M-Mode Color Doppler Spectral Doppler

30

DOPPLER ULTRASOUND TECHNIQUE

Quantitative

10 topics

Color Doppler Optimization Power Doppler Pulsed-Wave Doppler Continuous-Wave Doppler Spectral Doppler Optimization Doppler Angle Correction Velocity Measurements Resistive Index Pulsatility Index Flow Pattern Assessment

31

LUNG ULTRASOUND SCANNING

Qualitative

8 topics

Anterior Lung Scanning Lateral Lung Scanning Posterior Lung Scanning Pleural Line Assessment A-Lines B-Lines Lung Sliding Pleural Effusion Assessment

32

ULTRASOUND IMAGE OPTIMIZATION

Qualitative

12 topics

Patient Positioning Transducer Selection Probe Orientation Depth Adjustment Gain Adjustment Time Gain Compensation Focus Adjustment Dynamic Range Frequency Selection Harmonic Imaging Compound Imaging Speckle Reduction

33

SYSTEMATIC ULTRASOUND SCANNING TECHNIQUE

Qualitative

12 topics

Pre-Examination Preparation Patient Identification & History Patient Positioning Probe Selection Probe Handling Scanning Planes Longitudinal Scanning Transverse Scanning Oblique Scanning Dynamic Scanning Measurement Technique Image Documentation

SONOACADEMY • ULTRASOUND SCANNING TECHNIQUE

Systematic • Practical • Diagnostic Ultrasound Education

ultrasound Ureteric Pathology

SONOACADEMY - URETERIC ULTRASOUND

URETER

URETERIC
Pathology

Sonographic Findings & Differential Diagnosis

A structured guide to renal abnormalities, sonographic appearances, vascular disorders, focal lesions, stone and advanced ultrasound assessment

SEARCH URETERIC PATHOLOGY

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CONTENTS URETERIC PATHOLOGY

01

Normal & Variants

Normal ureteric anatomy and common anatomical/physiological variants

Normal ureter (non-dilated, thin wall) Physiological ureteric peristalsis Mild physiological pelvi-ureteric prominence Duplicated ureter (partial duplication) Complete duplex ureter Retrocaval ureter Circumcaval ureter Ectopic ureter Congenital megaureter Ureteric kinking (anatomical variant)

02

Congenital & Developmental

Congenital abnormalities and developmental disorders of the ureter

Primary obstructive megaureter Primary refluxing megaureter Congenital ureteral stenosis Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJ) Ureterovesical junction obstruction (UVJ) Ureterocele Ectopic ureteric insertion Duplex collecting system with ureterocele Retrocaval ureter causing obstruction Congenital ureteral diverticulum Blind-ending bifid ureter Congenital ureteric valve Congenital hydroureter Segmental ureteric dysplasia Congenital ureteral atresia

03

Obstructive Ureteric Disorders

Intrinsic and extrinsic causes of ureteric obstruction and urinary tract dilatation

Hydroureter Hydroureteronephrosis Distal ureteric obstruction Mid-ureteric obstruction Proximal ureteric obstruction Obstructing ureteric calculus Impacted ureteric stone Bilateral ureteric obstruction Extrinsic compression by pelvic mass Retroperitoneal fibrosis Pregnancy-related ureteric compression Ureteric stricture Post-surgical ureteric narrowing Radiation-induced ureteric stenosis Tuberculous ureteric stricture Ureteric clot obstruction Fungal ball obstruction Ureteric tumor causing obstruction Pelvic lymph node compression Endometriosis causing ureteric obstruction Cross-vessel ureteric compression Neurogenic functional obstruction Post-lithotripsy edema obstruction Ureteric kinking with obstruction Complete ureteric occlusion

No matching ureter pathology found.

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