B-Scan Eye Pathology – Ocular Ultrasound Findings

SONOACADEMY - OCULAR ULTRASOUND

EYE

B-Scan Eye
Pathology

Ocular Ultrasound Findings

A structured guide to sonographic appearances, classic signs and differential diagnosis

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CONTENTS B-SCAN EYE PATHOLOGY

01

Vitreous Pathology

Vitreous abnormalities and membranes

01

Vitreous Hemorrhage Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) Vitritis Vitreous Membranes Vitreous Opacities Asteroid Hyalosis Synchysis Scintillans Silicone Oil in Vitreous Vitreous Abscess

02

Retinal Pathology

Retinal detachment and related disorders

02

Retinal Detachment (RD) Total Retinal Detachment Partial Retinal Detachment Tractional Retinal Detachment Exudative Retinal Detachment Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Funnel-Shaped Retinal Detachment Retinoschisis Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR)

03

Choroidal Pathology

Choroidal detachment, hemorrhage and masses

03

Choroidal Detachment Serous Choroidal Detachment Hemorrhagic Choroidal Detachment Choroidal Hemorrhage Choroidal Tumors Choroidal Melanoma Choroidal Metastasis

04

Ocular Tumors and Masses

Intraocular lesions and neoplasms

04

Retinoblastoma Choroidal Melanoma Choroidal Hemangioma Metastatic Tumor Ocular Lymphoma Intraocular Mass Calcified Ocular Lesions Retinal Tumors

05

Ocular Trauma

Traumatic globe and posterior segment findings

05

Blunt Ocular Trauma Penetrating Eye Injury Globe Rupture Intraocular Foreign Body (IOFB) Traumatic Vitreous Hemorrhage Traumatic Retinal Detachment Choroidal Detachment Lens Dislocation Traumatic Cataract Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage

06

Inflammatory and Infectious

Inflammation, infection and posterior uveitis

06

Endophthalmitis Panophthalmitis Posterior Uveitis Vitritis Choroiditis Infectious Retinal Detachment Inflammatory Membranes

07

Orbital and Optic Nerve

Orbit, optic nerve and retrobulbar lesions

07

Optic Nerve Enlargement Optic Nerve Sheath Lesions Optic Disc Drusen Orbital Mass Orbital Tumor Retrobulbar Lesions Extraocular Muscle Enlargement Thyroid-Associated Orbital Changes Orbital Hemorrhage

08

Hemorrhagic Conditions

Vitreous, choroidal and orbital hemorrhage

08

Vitreous Hemorrhage Subhyaloid Hemorrhage Choroidal Hemorrhage Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage Retrobulbar Hemorrhage Post-Traumatic Hemorrhage

09

Postoperative Findings

Postsurgical and post-treatment appearances

09

Post-Vitrectomy Eye Silicone Oil Gas-Filled Globe Post-Cataract Surgery IOL Dislocation Post-Retinal Surgery Scleral Buckle Postoperative Vitreous Hemorrhage Postoperative Retinal Detachment

10

Differential Diagnosis

Important B-Scan diagnostic comparisons

10

Retinal Detachment vs PVD Retinal Detachment vs Choroidal Detachment Vitreous Hemorrhage vs Vitritis Retinal Detachment vs Retinoschisis Choroidal Mass vs Retinal Mass Ocular Tumor vs Hemorrhage Membrane vs Retinal Detachment Optic Disc Drusen vs Papilledema

11

Classic B-Scan Signs

Recognizing characteristic ultrasound patterns

11

Funnel-Shaped Retinal Detachment V-Shaped Retinal Detachment T-Sign Ring Sign Membrane Sign Seagull Sign Mushroom-Shaped Mass Kissing Choroidal Detachments Optic Nerve Sheath Sign

12

B-Scan Technique and Interpretation

Scanning technique, settings and reporting

12

Probe Orientation Patient Positioning Closed-Eye Technique Open-Eye Technique Dynamic B-Scan Gain Optimization Frequency Selection Axial and Transverse Scanning Posterior Segment Examination Measurement of Ocular Lesions Doppler Assessment B-Scan Reporting

13

Emergency B-Scan Cases

Urgent ocular ultrasound presentations

13

Acute Vision Loss Sudden Floaters Flashes of Light Suspected Retinal Detachment Acute Vitreous Hemorrhage Ocular Trauma Suspected Endophthalmitis Intraocular Foreign Body Acute Painful Blind Eye Postoperative Sudden Vision Loss

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B-Scan Eye Pathology - Ocular Ultrasound Education