1. CARDIAC ANOMALIES – CORE CARDIAC ASSESSMENT
๐ Normal Cardiac Position (Levocardia)
๐ Normal Cardiac Axis (45° ± 20°)
๐ Normal Cardiac Size (Cardiothoracic Ratio)
๐ Normal Situs (Situs Solitus)
๐ Normal Heart Rate and Rhythm
2. FOUR-CHAMBER VIEW ABNORMALITIES
๐ Atrioventricular Septal Defect (AVSD)
๐ Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
๐ Atrial Septal Defect (Primum / Secundum)
๐ Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
๐ Hypoplastic Right Heart Syndrome
๐ Single Ventricle Physiology
3. ATRIOVENTRICULAR VALVES
๐ Tricuspid Atresia
๐ Mitral Atresia
๐ Ebstein Anomaly
๐ Atrioventricular Valve Regurgitation
๐ Common AV Valve
4. OUTFLOW TRACT ABNORMALITIES
๐ Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA)
๐ Tetralogy of Fallot
๐ Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV)
๐ Persistent Truncus Arteriosus
๐ Pulmonary Atresia
๐ Aortic Stenosis / Atresia
5. THREE-VESSEL & ARCH VIEW
๐ Normal Three-Vessel View
๐ Absent or Abnormal Pulmonary Artery
๐ Right-Sided Aortic Arch
๐ Coarctation of Aorta (Suspicious Features)
๐ Interrupted Aortic Arch
6. RHYTHM & CONDUCTION DISORDERS
๐ Fetal Tachyarrhythmia
๐ Fetal Bradyarrhythmia
๐ Atrioventricular Block
๐ Supraventricular Tachycardia
๐ Irregular Rhythm (Ectopic Beats)
7. FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT
๐ Normal Ventricular Contractility
๐ Cardiac Failure / Poor Contractility
๐ Cardiomegaly
๐ Pericardial Effusion
8. DOPPLER FINDINGS
๐ Abnormal AV Valve Doppler
๐ Outflow Tract Turbulence
๐ Abnormal Ductus Venosus Flow
๐ Reversed Flow in Aortic Arch
9. ASSOCIATED FINDINGS
๐ Hydrops Fetalis
๐ Extracardiac Structural Anomalies
๐ Increased Nuchal Translucency
๐ Growth Restriction
10. ETIOLOGICAL & SYNDROMIC ASSOCIATIONS
๐ Chromosomal Abnormalities (Trisomy 21, 18, 13)
๐ 22q11 Deletion Syndrome
๐ Maternal Diabetes Mellitus
๐ Congenital Infections
๐ Familial Congenital Heart Disease
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