NT SCREENING – FETAL DOPPLER DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS (11–13+6 WEEKS)
1 NORMAL NT DOPPLER
📄 Normal ductus venosus with positive A-wave
Normal fetal cardiac function.
Low risk Doppler profile in NT screening.
2 DUCTUS VENOSUS ABNORMALITY
📄 Absent ductus venosus A-wave
Increased risk of chromosomal abnormality.
Associated with early cardiac dysfunction.
📄 Reversed ductus venosus A-wave
Strong association with aneuploidy and major congenital heart disease.
3 TRICUSPID REGURGITATION
📄 Tricuspid regurgitation present (>60 cm/s)
Increased risk of Trisomy 21 and cardiac anomalies.
4 COMBINED DOPPLER ABNORMALITY
📄 Abnormal DV A-wave + Tricuspid regurgitation
High probability of chromosomal abnormality.
Strong predictor of major congenital heart disease.
5 INCREASED NT WITH NORMAL DOPPLER
📄 Increased NT + normal DV & no TR
Intermediate aneuploidy risk.
Structural anomaly risk remains.
6 INCREASED NT WITH ABNORMAL DOPPLER
📄 Increased NT + abnormal DV ± TR
High-risk NT screening result.
Strong association with aneuploidy and cardiac defects.
7 EARLY FETAL CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION
📄 Reversed DV A-wave ± TR
Suggestive of early fetal cardiac failure.
8 CHROMOSOMAL RISK STRATIFICATION
📄 Normal DV & no TR
Low risk for Trisomy 21, 18, 13.
📄 Abnormal DV and/or TR
Increased risk for Trisomy 21, 18, 13.
9 TWIN PREGNANCY – NT DOPPLER ASSESSMENT
📄 Discordant DV waveforms between twins
Early marker of twin-specific complications.
10 NT SCREENING DOPPLER CONCLUSION
📄 NT Doppler findings within normal limits.
📄 Abnormal NT Doppler – increased chromosomal / cardiac risk.
📄 Genetic counseling, FMF risk calculation and further evaluation advised.
11 SPECIFIC CONGENITAL CARDIAC ANOMALY SUGGESTION (NT DOPPLER)
📄 Reversed DV A-wave + severe tricuspid regurgitation
Suggestive of Ebstein anomaly or severe tricuspid valve malformation.
Early fetal cardiac volume overload likely.
📄 Persistent tricuspid regurgitation with normal DV
Suggestive of tricuspid valve dysplasia.
Structural cardiac abnormality cannot be excluded.
📄 Abnormal DV waveform with elevated PI ± TR
May indicate early right ventricular outflow obstruction, including pulmonary stenosis.
Functional cardiac compromise suspected.
📄 Reversed DV A-wave without TR
Possible early myocardial dysfunction or evolving congenital heart disease.
Requires targeted fetal echocardiography.
📄 Abnormal DV + increased NT
Strong association with major congenital heart defects including AV valve anomalies and outflow tract obstruction.
12 CARDIAC RISK STRATIFICATION
📄 Low cardiac risk: Normal DV waveform, positive A-wave, no TR.
📄 Intermediate cardiac risk: Isolated TR or mildly abnormal DV indices.
📄 High cardiac risk: Reversed/absent DV A-wave ± TR ± increased NT.
13 RECOMMENDED ACTION
📄 Early fetal echocardiography (16–18 weeks) recommended.
📄 FMF risk recalculation and genetic counseling advised.
📄 Follow-up NT and Doppler evaluation as per protocol.
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