NORMAL FETAL FINDINGS (28 WEEKS – DELIVERY)
๐ Single Live Intrauterine Fetus
๐ Appropriate Fetal Growth for Gestational Age
๐ Normal Fetal Cardiac Activity
๐ Normal Gross Fetal Movements
๐ Cephalic Presentation (After 32 Weeks)
FETAL VIABILITY & DISTRESS
๐ Intrauterine Fetal Demise (Late)
๐ Absent / Reduced Fetal Movements
๐ Non-Reassuring Fetal Status (Indirect USG Signs)
FETAL GROWTH ABNORMALITIES
๐ Fetal Growth Restriction (Late-Onset)
๐ Severe FGR (<3rd Percentile)
๐ Macrosomia
๐ Growth Arrest on Serial Scans
FETAL PRESENTATION & LIE
๐ Breech Presentation
๐ Transverse Lie
๐ Oblique Lie
๐ Unstable Lie
MULTIPLE PREGNANCY (THIRD TRIMESTER)
๐ Twin Pregnancy (Viable Fetuses)
๐ Triplet / Higher-Order Pregnancy
๐ Growth Discordance (>25%)
๐ Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (Advanced)
๐ Selective Fetal Growth Restriction
๐ Single Fetal Demise in Multiple Pregnancy
PLACENTAL ABNORMALITIES
๐ Placenta Previa
๐ Low-Lying Placenta
๐ Placental Abruption
๐ Placenta Accreta Spectrum
๐ Placental Insufficiency (Doppler Correlation)
AMNIOTIC FLUID ABNORMALITIES
๐ Oligohydramnios (AFI <5 cm)
๐ Polyhydramnios (AFI >25 cm)
๐ Acute Reduction in Amniotic Fluid
UMBILICAL CORD ABNORMALITIES
๐ Nuchal Cord (Single / Multiple Loops)
๐ True Knot of Umbilical Cord
๐ Velamentous Cord Insertion
๐ Vasa Previa
DOPPLER ABNORMALITIES
๐ Umbilical Artery Absent End-Diastolic Flow
๐ Umbilical Artery Reversed End-Diastolic Flow
๐ Middle Cerebral Artery Brain-Sparing Effect
๐ Abnormal Ductus Venosus Flow
๐ Cerebro-Placental Ratio (CPR) Reduced
LATE STRUCTURAL & FUNCTIONAL ABNORMALITIES
๐ Ventriculomegaly (Progressive)
๐ Bowel Echogenicity
๐ Pleural Effusion / Ascites
๐ Hydrops Fetalis
ASSOCIATED MATERNAL–FETAL COMPLICATIONS
๐ Pre-eclampsia Related Changes
๐ Gestational Diabetes (Macrosomia / Polyhydramnios)
๐ Preterm Labor / Threatened Preterm Birth
๐ Post-dated Pregnancy Changes
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