COMPLETE FETAL DOPPLER FINDINGS – TIFA (18–22 WEEKS)
1 NORMAL TIFA DOPPLER
📄 UA PI normal + MCA PI normal → CPR normal
Normal fetoplacental and cerebral circulation for gestational age.
No Doppler evidence of early placental dysfunction.
2 UTEROPLACENTAL DYSFUNCTION (TIFA)
📄 Uterine artery PI ↑ with normal UA & MCA
Impaired placentation.
Increased future risk of preeclampsia / FGR.
3 EARLY PLACENTAL INSUFFICIENCY
📄 UA PI ↑ + MCA PI normal → CPR borderline / ↓
Early increase in placental vascular resistance.
4 EARLY FETAL HYPOXIA (BRAIN-SPARING)
📄 UA PI ↑ + MCA PI ↓ → CPR ↓
Early cerebral vasodilatation noted.
Adaptive fetal response to hypoxia.
5 EARLY-ONSET FGR – DOPPLER RISK PATTERN
📄 UA PI ↑ + MCA PI normal / ↓ → CPR ↓
Doppler pattern suggestive of early-onset FGR risk.
Close growth and Doppler surveillance advised.
6 ABNORMAL CPR AT TIFA
📄 CPR < 5th percentile for gestational age
Predictor of adverse perinatal outcome.
7 SEVERE PLACENTAL PATHOLOGY (RARE AT TIFA)
📄 UA AEDF
Severe placental insufficiency.
📄 UA REDF
Critical placental failure.
8 ADVANCED FETAL COMPROMISE (CRITICAL)
📄 UA AEDF / REDF + MCA PI ↓
High risk of fetal hypoxia and acidosis.
📄 Abnormal ductus venosus waveform
Impending fetal compromise.
📄 Absent / reversed DV A-wave
Poor fetal outcome risk.
9 FETAL ANEMIA (DOPPLER SCREENING)
📄 MCA PSV > 1.29 MoM
Suspicious for fetal anemia.
📄 MCA PSV > 1.5 MoM
Moderate to severe fetal anemia.
10 FETAL POLYCYTHEMIA
📄 MCA PSV < 1.0 MoM
Increased fetal blood viscosity.
11 TWIN-SPECIFIC DOPPLER FINDINGS
📄 TAPS – MCA PSV discordance
Twin anemia–polycythemia sequence.
📄 TTTS – Donor UA PI ↑ / Recipient cardiac strain
Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome.
12 OVERALL TIFA DOPPLER CONCLUSION
📄 Doppler findings within normal limits for TIFA.
📄 Increased risk for placental dysfunction.
📄 Abnormal Doppler – close follow-up and serial surveillance advised.
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