Sonoacademy

Case Study

Liver
Focal Fatty Infiltration Focal Fatty Sparing Beaver Tail Liver Riedel’s Lobe Massive HCC Fatty Liver/Diffuse hepatic steatosis Fatty liver /DHS G-1 Fatty liver /DHS G-2 Fatty liver /DHS G-3
Gall Bladder
Focal adenomyomatosis Limy bile
CBD
indwelling Stent Choledocolithiasis
Spleen
Spleenomagaly
Pancreas
00
Kidney
CKD/CMRD Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Renal Dromedary hump
Ureter

Adrenal Glands
Soon
Abdominal Aorta & IVC
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)
Stomach
Duodenogastritis Gastritis
Small Bowel
Enteitis
Colon
Enterocolitis Colitis Intestinal ascariasis
Appendix
Acute appendicitis Appendicolith
Peritoneum
Diffuse peritonitis
Retroperitoneum
Soon
Abdominal Wall
Umbilical-urachal sinus Anterior abdominal wall edema Anterior abdominal wall lipoma LSCS endometriosis
CEUS for Renal Masses
Soon
CEUS for Liver Tumors
Soon
Urinary Bladder
Vesical Calculus / Bladder Stone Single Vesical Calculus / Bladder Stone
Prostate
Benign prostatic hyperplasia [BPH] Prostatomegaly Borderline BPH Mild Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia [BPH-Grade-1] Moderate BPH with Median-Lobe Prominence [BPH-Grade-2] Moderate BPH with Median-Lobe Prominence [BPH-Grade-3]
Uterus
Post-caesarean sepsis Uterine scar endometriosis Diffuse uterine adenomyosis Bulky uterus Nabothian Cyst Uterine fibroid Pedunculated Subserosal Fibroid Subserosal Fibroid Intramural Fibroid Submucosal Fibroid Subserosal Pedunculated Fibroid Cervical Fibroid Calcified Uterine Fibroid
Ovary
Right PCOS/PCOD Left PCOS/PCODoon Bilateral PCOS/PCODon Right Ovarian Live Ectopic pregnancy Lt Ovarian ectopic pregnancy GS with yolk Left Ovarian Simple cyst Left corpus luteum cyst with GS Left ovarian Corpus luteum cyst ("ring of fire" sign). Lt. Ovarian Follicular cyst
Fallopian Tube
Left Tubal rupture ectopic pregnancy
Adnexa
Soon
Vagina
Vaginal cyst
Sequence of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
PID Reactive PID PID Associated with Tubo-Ovarian Complex PID Associated with Tubo-Ovarian Abscess PID Associated with Hydrosalpinx PID Associated with Pyosalpinx PID Associated with Peritonitis PID Associated with Appendiceal Diverticular Perforation PID Associated with Postsurgical Abscesses PID Associated with Intrauterine Device (IUD)

1^stTrimester Obs & Fetal
Vanishing Twin Syndrome Soon
NT Screening
Soon
2^nd& 3^rdSystemic Study Of Fetal Anomaly

Fetal Viability Abnormalities
Soon
Fetal Growth Abnormalities
Soon
Pregnancy Loss (Second Trimester)
Soon
Multiple Pregnancy
Soon
Placental Abnormalities
Posterior Low-lying placenta
Umbilical Cord Abnormalities
Nuchal Cord
Amniotic Fluid Abnormalities
Vernix Caseosa
Molar & Trophoblastic Disease
Soon
Pregnancy-Associated (Cervical) Complications
Cervical incompetence Grade-IV
Hydrops Fetalis / Water Baby
Soon
Conjoined Twins
Soon
Fetal Face
Soon
Fetal Neck
Soon
Fetal CNS & Neural Tube Defects (Cranium and Spine)
Soon
Cardiac Anomalies
Soon
Fetal Thorax
Soon
Fetal Gastrointestinal (GIT)
Soon
Fetal Genitourinary Abnormalities
Soon
Fetal Musculoskeletal (MSK)
Soon
Syndromes
Jarcho–Levin spectrum / Spondylocostal dysostosis Casamassima-Morton-Nance syndrome
Fetal Doppler Studies
Soon
Biophysical Profile / NST
Soon
RMT Assessment
Soon

Breast
Hemorrhagic breast cyst (Glitter sign) Breast mastitis
Thyroid & Neck
Thyroid Nodule Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Carotid doppler
Soon
Scrotum
Soon
Penile
Soon
Perineal Female
Soon
Thorax
Right Pleural Empyema Septated pleural effusion Chest wall cysticercosis Soon
Dorsal Wall
Soon

Upper Limb
Soon
Lower Limb
Post-injection Gluteal hematoma
Interventional
Soon
Ophthalmic
Vitreous Hemorrhage VH Fine Particulate VH Diffuse VH Dense / Coarse VH Clotted VH Layered / Dependent VH Loculated VH Fibrinous / Organized VH Membranous VH Retrohyaloid / Subhyaloid VH Associated PVD VH Associated Tractional Membrane VH Associated Retinal Detachment VH Post-vitrectomy / Recurren VH Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) Partial PVD Complete PVD Acute PVD Chronic PVD Symptomatic PVD PVD with Weiss Ring PVD with Vitreous Hemorrhage PVD with Retinal Tear PVD with Retinal Detachment Tractional / Incomplete PVD Ring-shaped / Circumferential PVD Complex / Membranous PVD Vitritis Fine Particulate Vitritis Diffuse Vitritis Dense / Coarse Vitritis Clotted Vitritis Layered / Dependent Vitritis Membranous Vitritis Focal / Localized Vitritis Vitreous Opacities Fine Particulate / Low-Level Vitreous Opacities Diffuse Vitreous Opacification Coarse / Dense Vitreous Echoes Mobile / Suspended Vitreous Debris Clumped / Aggregated Vitreous Opacities Layered / Dependent Vitreous Opacities Membranous / Linear Vitreous Opacities Organized Vitreous Opacities Highly Reflective / Calcific-appearing Vitreous Opacities Chronic / Fibrotic Vitreous Opacities Mixed / Heterogeneous Vitreous Opacities Complex Vitreous Opacification with Multiple Components Asteroid Hyalosis Fine Particulate Asteroid Bodies Diffuse Asteroid Hyalosis Dense / Numerous Asteroid Bodies Mobile / Suspended Asteroid Bodies Clustered / Aggregated Asteroid Bodies Dependent / Layered Asteroid Bodies Highly Reflective Asteroid Bodies Organized Asteroid Body Aggregates Asymmetric / Focal Asteroid Hyalosis Extensive Asteroid Hyalosis Mixed Asteroid Hyalosis with Asteroid Hyalosis Complex Asteroid Hyalosis with Multiple Components Synchysis Scintillans Fine Particulate Synchysis Scintillans Diffuse Synchysis Scintillans Dense / Numerous Cholesterol Crystals Mobile / Suspended Cholesterol Crystals Clustered / Aggregated Cholesterol Crystals 06 Dependent / Layered Cholesterol Crystals Highly Reflective Cholesterol Crystals Organized Cholesterol Crystal Aggregates Focal / Asymmetric Synchysis Scintillans Extensive Synchysis Scintillans Mixed Synchysis Scintillans with Vitreous Opacities Complex Synchysis Scintillans with Multiple Components Silicone Oil in Vitreous Fine Particulate Silicone Oil in Vitreous Diffuse Silicone Oil in Vitreous Dense / Numerous Silicone Oil Droplets 04 Mobile / Suspended Silicone Oil Droplets 05 Clustered / Aggregated Silicone Oil Droplets 06 Dependent / Layered Silicone Oil Droplets Highly Reflective Silicone Oil Droplets Organized Silicone Oil Droplet Aggregates Focal / Asymmetric Silicone Oil in Vitreous Extensive Silicone Oil in Vitreous Mixed Silicone Oil in Vitreous with Vitreous Opacities Complex Silicone Oil in Vitreous with Multiple Components Vitreous Abscess Mild / Early Vitreous Inflammatory Opacification Diffuse Vitreous Opacification Dense Vitreous Debris Highly Mobile Vitreous Echoes Localized / Focal Vitreous Collection Membranous Vitreous Inflammation 07 Organizing Vitreous Membranes Severe Vitreous Opacification with Poor Posterior Visualization Vitreous Abscess with Choroidal Thickening Vitreous Abscess with Choroidal Detachment Vitreous Abscess with Retinal Detachment Complex Endophthalmitis / Vitreous Abscess with Multiple Posterior Segment Findings Retinal Detachment (RD) Total Retinal Detachment Partial Retinal Detachment Tractional Retinal Detachment Exudative Retinal Detachment Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Funnel-Shaped Retinal Detachment Retinoschisis Peripheral Retinoschisis Bullous / Dome-Shaped Retinoschisis Shallow / Flat Retinoschisis Multiloculated / Cystic Retinoschisis Posterior-Extending Retinoschisis Extensive Retinoschisis Retinoschisis with Coexisting Retinal Detachment Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy (PVR) Early / Fine Vitreoretinal Membrane Formation Focal Contractile Vitreoretinal Membrane Star-Fold / Radial Retinal Folds Tractional Retinal Detachment with PVR Funnel-Shaped Retinal Detachment with PVR Extensive Circumferential PVR Advanced PVR with Fixed / Contracted Retina Choroidal Detachment Peripheral / Localized Choroidal Detachment Bullous / Dome-Shaped Choroidal Detachment Serous Choroidal Detachment Hemorrhagic Choroidal Detachment Extensive / Circumferential Choroidal Detachment Choroidal Detachment with Ciliochoroidal Involvement Choroidal Detachment with Coexisting Retinal Detachment Choroidal Hemorrhage Localized Choroidal Hemorrhage Bullous / Dome-Shaped Choroidal Hemorrhage Diffuse Choroidal Hemorrhage Choroidal Hemorrhage with Vitreous Hemorrhage Choroidal Hemorrhage with Suprachoroidal Fluid Massive Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage Resolving / Organized Choroidal Hemorrhage Retinoblastoma Classic Calcified Intraocular Retinoblastoma Endophytic Retinoblastoma Exophytic Retinoblastoma with Subretinal Fluid Retinoblastoma with Extensive Vitreous Seeding Retinoblastoma with Retinal Detachment Extensive Retinoblastoma with Near-Total Globe Involvement Retinoblastoma — Sonographic Assessment for Local Extension Choroidal Melanoma Dome-Shaped Choroidal Melanoma Mushroom / Collar-Button Choroidal Melanoma Choroidal Melanoma with Subretinal Fluid Amelanotic Choroidal Melanoma Choroidal Melanoma with Vitreous Hemorrhage Choroidal Melanoma with Extrascleral Extension Diffuse / Flat Choroidal Melanoma Choroidal Hemangioma Circumscribed Choroidal Hemangioma Choroidal Hemangioma with Subretinal Fluid Diffuse Choroidal Hemangioma Prominent Circumscribed Choroidal Hemangioma Choroidal Hemangioma Mimicking Melanoma Choroidal Hemangioma with Exudative Retinal Detachment Follow-Up Assessment of Choroidal Hemangioma
Protocols & USG Reporting

Abdominal sonography
WAM — Whole Abdomen Male
UAM — Upper Abdomen Male
WAF — Whole Abdomen Female
UAF — Upper Abdomen Female
WAPM — Whole Abdomen Pediatric Male
WAPF — Whole Abdomen Pediatric Female
KUB — Focused Study
KUB — With Uterus
KUB — With Prostate
Pelvis — Female
Lower Abdomen — Male
FAST — Male
FAST — Female
FAST — Pediatric
Doppler — Aorta & IVC
Doppler — Portal & Hepatic
Doppler — Renal

Obs & Fetal sonography
📄 First Trimester — Obstetric & Fetal 📄 Second & Third Trimester — Obstetric & Fetal 📄 NT Screening — Obstetric & Fetal 📄 Fetal Anomalies Screening / TIFA — Obstetric & Fetal 📄 Doppler Studies — Obstetric & Fetal 📄 Biophysical Profile / NST — Obstetric & Fetal 📄 RMT Assessment — Obstetric & Fetal

TVS
📄 Infertility Evaluation — TVS 📄 Follicular Monitoring — TVS 📄 First Trimester — TVS 📄 Second Trimester — TVS 📄 Third Trimester — TVS 📄 Suspected Ectopic Pregnancy — TVS

Perineal & Groin
📄 Perineal — Perineal Female USG 📄 Groin — Groin Male USG

Scrotrum
📄 Routine Scrotal — Routine Scrotal USG 📄 Scrotal Doppler — Scrotal Doppler USG

Penis
📄 Routine Scrotal — Routine Scrotal USG 📄 Scrotal Doppler — Scrotal Doppler USG

Breast
📄 Breast Gray-Scale — Routine Breast USG 📄 Breast Doppler — Doppler 📄 Breast Elastography — Fibroscan

Thorax/Chest
📄 Breast Gray-Scale — Routine Breast USG 📄 Breast Doppler — Doppler 📄 Breast Elastography — Fibroscan

Dorsal Wall
📄 Dorsal Wall — Dorsal Wall USG

Neck USG
📄 Thyroid Gray-Scale — Thyroid USG 📄 Neck – Soft Tissue Study — Neck USG 📄 Thyroid Doppler — Thyroid Doppler USG 📄 Carotid Doppler — Carotid Doppler Study 📄 Carotid spectral Doppler — Carotid artery spectral Doppler

Upper Limb
📄 Soft Tissue — Upper Limb Soft Tissue USG 📄 Venous Doppler — Upper Limb Venous Doppler USG 📄 Arterial Doppler — Upper Limb Arterial Doppler USG 📄 AV Fistula Doppler — Upper Limb AV Fistula Doppler (Dialysis Access) USG 📄 Vascular Trauma — Upper Limb Vascular Trauma / Pseudoaneurysm Study USG 📄 Shoulder Joint — Shoulder Joint USG 📄 Elbow Joint — Elbow Joint USG 📄 Wrist & Hand — Wrist & Hand USG 📄 Carpal Tunnel — Carpal Tunnel Assessment USG 📄 Tenosynovitis — Tendon / Tenosynovitis Evaluation USG 📄 Peripheral Nerve Study (Median) — Peripheral Nerve (Median) USG 📄 Peripheral Nerve (Radial) — Peripheral Nerve (Radial) USG 📄 Peripheral Nerve (Ulnar) — Peripheral Nerve (Ulnar) USG

Lower Limb
📄 Buttock region — Lower Limb Gluteal USG 📄 Soft Tissue — Lower Limb Soft Tissue Study USG 📄 Venous Doppler — Lower Limb Venous Doppler USG 📄 Arterial Doppler — Lower Limb Arterial Doppler USG 📄 Venous Reflux Study — Varicose Vein / Venous Reflux Study USG 📄 AV Fistula Doppler — AV Fistula Doppler (Lower Limb) USG 📄 DVT — DVT Study USG 📄 Vascular Trauma — Vascular Trauma / Pseudoaneurysm Study USG 📄 Plantar Fascia — Plantar Fascia Assessment USG 📄 Hip Joint — Hip Joint USG 📄 Knee Joint — Knee Joint USG 📄 Ankle & Foot — Ankle & Foot USG 📄 Tenosynovitis Evaluation — Tendon / Tenosynovitis Evaluation USG 📄 Common Peroneal Nerve — Peripheral Nerve Study (Common Peroneal) USG 📄 Sural Nerve — Peripheral Nerve Study (Sural) USG 📄 Tibial Nerve — Peripheral Nerve Study (Tibial) USG

💉 Interventional USG
📄 FNAC — USG-Guided FNAC 📄 Core Needle Biopsy — USG-Guided Core Needle Biopsy 📄 Aspiration (Cyst/Collection) — USG-Guided Aspiration (Cyst/Collection) 📄 Pigtail Drainage — USG-Guided Pigtail Drainage 📄 Thoracentesis — USG-Guided Thoracentesis 📄 Paracentesis — USG-Guided Paracentesis (Ascitic Fluid Aspiration) 📄 Joint Aspiration / Injection — USG-Guided Joint Aspiration / Injection 📄 Nerve Block — USG-Guided Nerve Block 📄 Catheter Placement — USG-Guided Catheter Placement 📄 Breast Intervention — USG-Guided Breast Intervention 📄 Thyroid FNAC / Biopsy — USG-Guided Thyroid FNAC / Biopsy 📄 Lymph Node FNAC / Biopsy — USG-Guided Lymph Node FNAC / Biopsy

Neonatal / Pediatric USG
📄 Neonatal Cranial — Neonatal Cranial USG 📄 Neonatal Abdomen — Neonatal Abdomen USG 📄 DDH — Developmental Dysplasia of Hip (DDH) Screening 📄 Neonatal Spine — Neonatal Spine USG 📄 Neonatal Lung — Neonatal Lung USG 📄 Neonatal Brain Doppler — Neonatal Brain Doppler 📄 Pediatric KUB — Pediatric KUB USG 📄 Intussusception — Intussusception USG 📄 Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis — Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis USG 📄 Pediatric Appendix — Pediatric Appendix USG 📄 Pediatric Scrotal — Pediatric Scrotal USG 📄 Pediatric Soft Tissue — Pediatric Soft Tissue USG 📄 Pediatric Perineal — Pediatric Perineal and Groin Male USG

❤️Cardiac (ECHO)
📄 2D Echo Routine — 2D Echocardiography (Routine Study) 📄 2D Echo with Color Doppler — 2D Echocardiography with Color Doppler 📄 2D Echo with Color Doppler & PWD/CWD — 2D Echocardiography with Color Doppler and Spectral Doppler 📄 Stress Echo — Stress Echocardiography 📄 Dobutamine Stress Echo — Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography 📄 Transesophageal Echo (TEE) — Transesophageal Echocardiography 📄 Contrast Echo — Contrast Echocardiography 📄 Fetal Echo — Fetal Echocardiography 📄 3D Echo — 3D Echocardiography 📄 Strain Echo — Myocardial Strain Echocardiography 📄 Bubble Study — Echocardiography with Bubble Contrast Study 📄 Pericardial Assessment — Focused Echocardiography for Pericardial Disease

👁️Ophthalmic
📄 B-Scan — B-scan (Brightness Scan) Eye 📄 A-scan — A-scan (Amplitude Scan) Eye 📄 UBM — Ultrasound Biomicroscopy (UBM)

Cheek / Buccal
📄 Cheek — Cheek USG 📄 Facial Soft Tissue — Facial Soft Tissue Lesion USG

👃Nasal & PNS
📄 Nasal — Nasal USG 📄 PNS — PNS USG 📄 Maxillary — Maxillary Sinus USG

Spine
🧾 Spine USG — Spine USG 🧾 Spinal Canal Screening — Spinal Canal Screening 🧾 Neonatal Spine — Neonatal Spine 🧾 Back Sinus / Tract — Back Sinus / Tract

NCV
🧾 NCV Upper Limb — NCV Upper Limb 🧾 NCV Lower Limb — NCV Lower Limb 🧾 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome NCV — Carpal Tunnel Syndrome NCV 🧾 Peripheral Neuropathy NCV — Peripheral Neuropathy NCV

Others
Coming Soon
Ultrasound Basics & Beyond
📏Measurements
Liver span (MCL) LL AP Diameter CL AP Diameter GCT PV Diamente HV Diametr CBD Diameter Liver Volume HV Doppler value PV Doppler Value Umbilical Artery(UA) S/D ratio RMT Normal Range AMT Normal Range Umbilical Artery(UA) RI Umbilical Artery(UA) PI Umbilical Artery(UA) EDV Umbilical Artery/UA PSV Umbilical Artery(UA) End-diastolic flow Umbilical Artery(UA) Diastolic notch Cerebroplacental Ratio/CPR CPR Calculator Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) S/D ratio Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) RI Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) PI Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) PSV Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) EDV Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Mean Velocity Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA) Diastolic Notch Ductus Venosus (DV) S/D ratio Ductus Venosus (DV) RI Ductus Venosus (DV) PI Ductus Venosus (DV) PSV Ductus Venosus (DV) EDV Mean velocity A-wave (Atrial velocity)
Educational Integration
- BVMRIT-1^st Semester
Reporting Elements
Radiographer Exam Prepration REP
- RRB
Reporting System soon
- Coming Soon
Video/Clip/Image
- Coming Soon

Saturday, 20 December 2025

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at December 20, 2025

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Mild right basal pleural thickening (CXR PA View)

Chest X-Ray Report X-Ray Findings Technique: ...

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Fetal Ultrasound Templates ─── 🧾 WAF – Whole Abdomen (Female)─── Ultrasound Templates — Fixed ...

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Mild right basal pleural thickening (CXR PA View)